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  springCloud Alibaba(1)
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  <h2 id="微服务架构的演变"><a href="#微服务架构的演变" class="headerlink" title="微服务架构的演变"></a>微服务架构的演变</h2><p>单体架构  <strong>→</strong> 分布式架构  <strong>→</strong>  SOA面向服务架构 <strong>→</strong> 微服务架构 <strong>→</strong> 服务网格（Service Mesh）</p>
<h4 id="传统的单体架构模式"><a href="#传统的单体架构模式" class="headerlink" title="传统的单体架构模式"></a>传统的单体架构模式</h4><pre><code> 单体应用，之前的ssm项目，前后不分离、部署到同一台服务器，这种。</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><p>优点： 开发、运维简单。</p>
<ul>
<li>缺点：<ul>
<li>开发过程中各个模块耦合高、容易相互影响，适合于人少开发，人多不适合。<ul>
<li>单个服务bug导致整个项目不可用。    </li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>应用场景： OA、官网、开发人员少等小项目。</p>
<h4 id="分布式架构模式"><a href="#分布式架构模式" class="headerlink" title="分布式架构模式"></a>分布式架构模式</h4><p>​    基于传统架构模式演变而来，根据原业务进行拆分，如拆分为:订单系统、支付系统、用户系统 等等。这种降低了代码的耦合度， 适用于团队开发。</p>
<p>​    常见的如一个大的系统，拆分成多个小的独立的系统，根据不同的域名访问不同的系统</p>
<p>​    <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.perty.com/">www.perty.com</a></p>
<p>​    <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.bbs.perty.com/">www.bbs.perty.com</a></p>
<h4 id="SOA面向服务架构模式"><a href="#SOA面向服务架构模式" class="headerlink" title="SOA面向服务架构模式"></a>SOA面向服务架构模式</h4><p>​    SOA面向服务架构模式也是基于分布式架构模式演变而来，俗称服务话，也就是面向服务开发，将共同的业务逻辑抽取成一个单独的服务提供给其它系统使用。</p>
<ul>
<li>SOA架构模式传输协议采用SOAP协议（Http/Https+XML）实现传输，所以所后面使用json替代了xml方式</li>
<li>SOA一般使用WebService，或者ESB（企业服务总线），这种技术传统项目用的多，但也在逐渐被替代。</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="WebService架构模式："><a href="#WebService架构模式：" class="headerlink" title="WebService架构模式："></a>WebService架构模式：</h6><p>​        wsdl: 接口的信息、地址、参数。<a href="/2020/10/25/WebService%E7%AE%80%E5%8D%95%E6%A1%88%E4%BE%8B/" title="WebService简单案例">WebService简单案例</a></p>
<p>​        <img src="https://pic.downk.cc/item/5f951cd61cd1bbb86b89d521.jpg"></p>
<h6 id="SOA架构的特点"><a href="#SOA架构的特点" class="headerlink" title="SOA架构的特点"></a>SOA架构的特点</h6><ul>
<li>采用SOAP协议通讯，xml作为传输体，有过多的冗余信息，传输数据量大，影响调用效率。</li>
<li>服务化管理及治理设施不够完善，没有相应的服务管理及治理的组件。</li>
<li>这个一般前端不方便调用这种服务，实际工作中也是后台来调用这种服务。</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="微服务架构模式"><a href="#微服务架构模式" class="headerlink" title="微服务架构模式"></a>微服务架构模式</h4><p>   微服务架构模式就是从SOA架构演变而来，比SOA架构对服务的拆分粒度会更加细。服务之间通过Restful协议交互，数据交互通过HTTP + JSON格式实现传输。也解决了多个语言平台通讯的问题。</p>
<p><img src="https://pic.downk.cc/item/5f952dd31cd1bbb86b8d3a8b.jpg"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>这样一套服务 ，各类客户端都可以使用。</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>轻量级，单独服务、单独开发/运维</li>
<li>跨平台、跨语言</li>
<li>服务之间互不影响</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="SOA与微服务架构的区别"><a href="#SOA与微服务架构的区别" class="headerlink" title="SOA与微服务架构的区别"></a>SOA与微服务架构的区别</h4><ul>
<li>通讯协议<ul>
<li>SOA采用XML传输</li>
<li>微服务采用json传输</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>服务拆分粒度<ul>
<li>微服务拆分需要更细致些，而且每个服务都有自己的数据库、redis、MQ等，都是独立部署的。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>迭代<ul>
<li>微服务架构模式比SOA架构模式更加适合于互联网公司。敏捷、高效。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="微服务架构存在的问题"><a href="#微服务架构存在的问题" class="headerlink" title="微服务架构存在的问题"></a>微服务架构存在的问题</h4><ul>
<li>分布式事务解决方案（rabbitMq,rocketMq）,主要为了最终一致性。</li>
<li>分布式任务调度平台（XXL-Job,AkibabaCloud Scheduler,elastic-job）</li>
<li>分布式服务注册中心（eureka、zookeeper、Nacos）</li>
<li>分布式日志采集系统（Elk + kafka）</li>
<li>分布式服务追踪与调用链系统 Zipkin</li>
<li>分布式服务配置中心(springCloud config、Nacos、zookeeper…)</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="SpringCloud介绍"><a href="#SpringCloud介绍" class="headerlink" title="SpringCloud介绍"></a>SpringCloud介绍</h4><p>​    SpringCloud是一整套的微服务架构的解决方案。</p>
<p>​    SrpingCloud第一代其实是利用了Netflix公司的开源组件整合成一个微服务解决框架。</p>
<p>​    SpringCloud第二代自研组件，和国内开源融合。</p>
 
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                    // 获得原图尺寸
                    const image = new Image()
                    image.src = src
                    items.push({
                        src: src,
                        w: image.width || $em2.width,
                        h: image.height || $em2.height,
                        title: title
                    })
                })
                var gallery = new PhotoSwipe(pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default, items, {
                    index: parseInt(i)
                });
                gallery.init()
            }
        })
    }
    viewer_init()
</script>

<!-- MathJax -->

<!-- Katex -->

<!-- busuanzi  -->


<script src="/js/busuanzi-2.3.pure.min.js"></script>


<!-- ClickLove -->

<!-- ClickBoom1 -->

<!-- ClickBoom2 -->

<!-- CodeCopy -->


<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/clipboard.css">

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/clipboard@2/dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script>
  function wait(callback, seconds) {
    var timelag = null;
    timelag = window.setTimeout(callback, seconds);
  }
  !function (e, t, a) {
    var initCopyCode = function(){
      var copyHtml = '';
      copyHtml += '<button class="btn-copy" data-clipboard-snippet="">';
      copyHtml += '<i class="ri-file-copy-2-line"></i><span>COPY</span>';
      copyHtml += '</button>';
      $(".highlight .code pre").before(copyHtml);
      $(".article pre code").before(copyHtml);
      var clipboard = new ClipboardJS('.btn-copy', {
        target: function(trigger) {
          return trigger.nextElementSibling;
        }
      });
      clipboard.on('success', function(e) {
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copied');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPIED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
      clipboard.on('error', function(e) {
        e.clearSelection();
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copy-failed');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-time-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPY FAILED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-time-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
    }
    initCopyCode();
  }(window, document);
</script>


<!-- CanvasBackground -->


    
  </div>
</body>

</html>